1. 飽和單位重 (Saturated Unit Weight)
| γsat |
20.47 |
kN/m³ |
| Formula: γsat = ((Gs + e) * γw) / (1 + e) |
| Note: γw 採用 10 kN/m³。砂土排水飽和單位重典型範圍約 18.5 - 21 kN/m³。 |
| Ref: Peck, Hanson & Thornburn (1974), Foundation Engineering. |
2. 乾單位重 (Dry Unit Weight)
| γdry |
16.28 |
kN/m³ |
| Formula: γdry = (Gs * γw) / (1 + e) |
| Note: 砂土排水乾單位重典型範圍約 15.5 - 18 kN/m³。 |
| Ref: Peck, Hanson & Thornburn (1974), Foundation Engineering. |
3. 蒲松氏比 (Poisson ratio)
| ν |
0.30 |
- |
| Note: 砂土在排水條件下之蒲松氏比典型值介於 0.25 - 0.35 之間。 |
| Ref: Terzaghi, Peck & Mesri (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice. |
4. 楊氏模量 (Young's modulus)
| E |
15000 |
kPa |
| Formula: Es ≈ 500(N + 15) |
| Note: 砂土楊氏模量典型範圍約 10,000 - 50,000 kPa,隨圍壓與緊實度增加。 |
| Ref: Bowles, J. E. (1997), Foundation Analysis and Design. |
5. 內聚力 (Cohesion)
| c' |
2.00 |
kPa |
| Note: 潔淨或飽和砂土之有效內聚力理論上為 0,數值計算建議給予 2-5 kPa 以助收斂。 |
| Ref: Terzaghi, Peck & Mesri (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice. |
6. 摩擦角 (Friction angle)
| N60 |
9.90 |
- |
| φ' |
30.02 |
deg |
| Formula: φ' ≈ 27.1 + 0.3N60 - 0.00054(N60)² |
| Note: 範圍參考:鬆散砂 28-30°;中等 32-36°;緻密砂 38-45°。 |
| Ref: Wolff (1989); Peck, Hanson & Thornburn (1974); ASTM D1586. |
7. 正常壓密土壤之 K0 法
| K0 |
0.50 |
- |
| Formula: K0 = 1 - sin(φ') |
| Note: K0 參考值:鬆散砂約 0.45 - 0.50;緻密砂約 0.35 - 0.45。 |
| Ref: Jaky (1944); Terzaghi, Peck & Mesri (1996). |